Metallurgy - Ores and Minerals. Sources from earth, living systems and in sea. Metallurgy - Purification of ores. Metallurgical processes. Rutherford's Scattering Experiment. Defects of Rutherford's model. Postulates of Bohr's model of an atom.
Limitation of Bohr's Theory. Electronic configuration and quantum numbers. Shapes or boundary surfaces of Orbitals.
Pauli's exclusion principle and Uses. As an electrolyte, a water-soluble salt of the metal to be refined is used. When an electric current passes through the anode, the impure metal dissolves and enters the electrolyte solution, while pure metal from the electrolyte deposits on the cathode.
The soluble impurities in impure metal dissolve in solution, whereas insoluble impurities settle at the bottom of the anode as anode mud. Consider an example to better understand electrolytic metal refining. Electrolytic refining of Copper An electrolytic tank containing an acidified copper sulphate solution as an electrolyte is used in the electrolytic refinement of copper. As the anode, a thick block of impure copper metal is attached to the positive terminal of the battery.
Since it is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, a thin strip of pure copper metal is used as the cathode. Impure copper from the anode dissolves and enters the copper sulphate solution when an electric current passes through it, whereas pure copper from the copper sulphate solution deposits on the cathode. Thus, on the cathode, pure copper metal is produced. The soluble impurities dissolve in the solution, while the insoluble impurities gather as anode mud below the anode.
Explanation of Electrolytic refining of Copper: Copper ions and sulphate ions are present in a copper sulphate solution. The following reaction occurs at the two electrodes when an electric current is passed through the copper sulphate solution.
Pure copper metals are formed when these copper atoms are placed on the cathode. The impure anode gets thinner and thinner as the process progresses, whereas the pure cathode gets thicker and thicker. At the cathode, pure copper is thus obtained. What happens to the impurities in impure copper that are metallic? Impure copper contains metallic impurities that are either more reactive or less reactive. The more reactive metals in impure copper, such as iron, now flow into the electrolyte solution and stay there.
The less reactive metals in impure copper, such as gold and silver, settle in the bottom of the electrolytic cell below the anode in the form of anode mud. The anode mud can be recovered for gold and silver metals. As a result, electrolytic metal refining serves two objectives. It allows other valuable metals, such as gold and silver, to be recovered from impurities in the metal being refined. It purifies the metal in consideration. Muirhead, D. Jones: J. Pan et al. B 21 , CrossRef Google Scholar.
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Question 1 Name few application of chemical effects of electric current? Question 2 Name few compounds which are produced by using chemical effect of current? Question 3 Name 2 metals which are purified by using the chemical effect of current? Question 4 Describe how you will purify a strip of impure copper by using chemical effect of electric current? Purification of metal. In the purification of an impure metal by using the chemical effects of current:.
On passing electric current ,the metal dissolves from the impure anode and goes into electrolyte solution. The metal present in dissolved form in electrolyte get deposited on the cathode in the pure form.
The impurities are left behind in the electrolyte solution.
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