Choose an expert and meet online. No packages or subscriptions, pay only for the time you need. English Grammar Writing. Someone please tell me the difference between which and that. Add comment. Let me give you two examples to explain the correct usage of "which" and "that. We recently installed new siding on our house, which was flooded last month. I returned the book that I bought last night. Report 11d. Do you sometimes wonder whether to use that or which in a sentence?
In many cases, in British English, both words are equally correct. This is a clause containing essential information about the noun that comes before it. If you leave out this type of clause, the meaning of the sentence is affected — indeed, it will probably not make much sense at all. Restrictive relative clauses can be introduced by that, which, whose, who, or whom.
The other type of relative clause is known as a non-restrictive relative clause. This kind of clause contains extra information that could be left out of the sentence without affecting the meaning or structure. Non-restrictive clauses can be introduced by which, whose, who, or whom, but you should never use that to introduce them.
For example: A list of contents would have made it easier to steer through the book, which also lacks a map. She held out her hand, which Rob shook. Note that a non-restrictive clause is preceded by a comma so as to set off the extra information , whereas no comma should precede a restrictive clause indicating that the information is essential, not extra : I bought a new dress, which I will be wearing to Jo's party.
When you are defining a clause, use that Example- My bike that has a broken seat is in the garage When you are not defining a clause, use which Example- My bike, which has a broken seat, is in the garage Here is a tip- which is as disposable as a sandwich bag.
How are these sentences different? The nurse smiled again and studied the micro in her hand, which monitored his vitals. Brady didn't care for power, which was why he'd always gotten along with Tim.
We'll figure out which route she took and track her. There was no real way to know which route she might've taken. She and the others appeared healthy, which surprised Lana.
The meat was well cooked and tender, which made up for the lack of seasonings. Two of which lead towards known emerops facilities about two to three days out. We're trying to figure out which path she took.
My sister always treated me like I was a blight on the family name. She tried to help me in her own way, I guess, which was better than what Rhyn's brothers did to him. I wanted to believe he could make it in the Immortal world, because if he could, I could, too," she started. Perhaps this had been the evil of which Death spoke. The branch obliged him and passed him upwards to another, which stretched him as far up as it could reach.
Then dropped him. Toby yelped as he fell. Another branch caught him and lifted him upwards again. I think I could cut it away. I've tried taking off my shoe and maneuvering my foot every which way.
Her guards are gone, which means they're off tracking demons. Death is unpredictable, but if I were to guess, she's somewhere in the underworld. The sound of something screaming wiped the smile from Deidre's face. Katie turned to face the direction from which the sound came.
It wasn't a bird, and it wasn't human. The single voice was joined by several, and Katie grabbed Deidre's hand. He'd lost Lilith when Rhyn killed her and their son. He'd given up Jade, the man who held his soul, to take Katie as a mate, only to have Rhyn interfere again.
Paralyzed by indecision, Kris struggled to determine which Andre would've wanted him to do: save his brother or his mate. Of the two, Hannah was weaker, but Kiki was his brother. I'll believe it when they fish his body out of the drink, which they won't, 'cause it ain't there.
When he returned to the main room, Harrigan had left to talk to a class of grade-school children, a job at which he excelled, much to the pleasure of the others who shunned playing Officer Friendly. One hundred fifty-six Maid Marian Lane was a neatly kept ranch to which a one-car garage had been added.
She rarely combed her hair, owned no more than three or four shapeless dresses, which appeared in all seasons, most of which were stained and wrinkled. Rita wished him a nice flight the next day, pulled on a sweater with a hole through which her elbow protruded, reminded him it was after , and left the office. The living room and kitchen, which faced to the south, provided an exquisite view of the surrounding countryside.
The top half, which might have identified the date and the store was missing as if the slip had been torn in two. Dean had two choices, neither of which was appealing. When Dean returned to Collingswood Avenue, Fred was knee-deep in either his notes or another mystery novel, Dean didn't notice which. His grades were good, which helped. The entire trip took just over an hour with the driver, a volunteer from Amarillo, Texas who never stopping his constant drawl of friendly conversation, little of which Dean heard.
He located the room, which was dark when he entered, but he didn't turn on the light. Sometimes it was difficult to know which virtues they taught her were worthy and which were simply out-dated. He was telling her to let it ring, which was an excellent idea. After that he let her decide which one she wanted. There was no defined point at which everything went wrong — or right, depending on the viewpoint.
The chickens liked their new run, which was purposely left full of weeds. He had been a top salesman, which meant he had a way with words, and that's all he intended to do - talk. It was a question for which there was no answer. He wasn't sure which instinct was stronger. Two weeks ago, she wouldn't have known which way Darian would go. She was not bleeding, for which she was grateful, but her body ached as if it had been flung around a stone room for hours.
Her heart had quickened for two reasons, one of which she did not want to admit. You've set in motion a course which cannot be altered. My father's supposed to raid with us, which he's never done. Hilden glanced around the round chamber, which had fallen quiet after his words.
Right now it was enough to hear his deep voice, regardless of which language he spoke. Jonathan had reached puberty in full rebellion, which was one of the reasons she didn't think he should have a cell phone.
She glanced down at her arm, which was in a sling, and then back at Alex. She wasn't sure which idea bothered her worst. With all that going on, and your loyalty to a dying friend, you were so overwhelmed that you didn't know which way to turn. She had four thousand dollars in her checking account, all of which she had saved. Whoever did that to your arm did it as a reminder, which makes me think they're in a hurry to get whatever it is. Jessi wondered if she was the only one who heard Xander, which made no sense, considering the photographer stood between her and the massive man.
In his other: the sticky note on which she'd written her hasty resignation. Darian nodded to the Guardians present, most of which left quickly at Xander's appearance. The tray was too much for her hurt arm, which could support no weight. These creatures couldn't read her mind, which meant they'd never know that she hid the real one in a shoebox. The last memory she had was of purple lightening, a cold, dark place and the damned Other, none of which explained how she ended up here. One led to a closet, another to a bathroom and a third into a spacious living area, off which was another balcony.
Benjamin Hoadly, the newly-appointed bishop of Bangor, scented the opportunity and wrote a speedy and able reply, Preservative against the Principles and Practices of Non-Jurors, in which his own Erastian position was recommended and sincerity proposed as the only test of truth. It is a bluish-black powder which at high temperatures decomposes into the metal, dioxide and oxygen. It forms green prisms which are readily soluble in water. To the former he owes his appreciation of exact investigation and a complete knowledge of the aims of science, to the latter an equal admiration for the great circle of ideas which had been diffused by the teaching of Fichte, Schelling and Hegel.
Each of these influences, which early in life must have been familiar to him, tempered and modified the other.
The true method of science which he possessed forced him to condemn as useless the entire form which Schelling's and Hegel's expositions had adopted, especially the dialectic method of the latter, whilst his love of art and beauty, and his appreciation of moral purposes, revealed to him the existence of a transphenomenal world of values into which no exact science could penetrate. It is evident how this initial position at once defined to him the tasks which philosophy had to perform.
First there were the natural sciences, themselves only just emerging from a confused conception of their true method; especially those which studied the borderland of physical and mental phenomena, the medical sciences; and pre-eminently that science which has since become so popular, the science of biology.
The two books mentioned remained unnoticed by the reading public, and Lotze first became known to a larger circle through a series of works which aimed at establishing in the study of the physical and mental phenomena of the human organism in its normal and diseased states the same general principles which had been adopted in the investigation of inorganic phenomena.
The mechanical laws, to which external things were subject, were conceived as being valid only in the inorganic world; in the organic and mental worlds these mechanical laws were conceived as being disturbed or overridden by other powers, such as the influence of final causes, the existence of types, the work of vital and mental forces.
One of the results of these investigations was to extend the meaning of the word mechanism, and comprise under it all laws which obtain in the phenomenal world, not excepting the phenomena of life and mind. To comprehend the real position we are forced to the conviction that the world of facts is the field in which , and that laws are the means by which , those higher standards of moral and aesthetical value are being realized; and such a union can again only become intelligible through the idea of a personal Deity, who in the creation and preservation of a world has voluntarily chosen certain forms and laws, through the natural operation of which the ends of His work are gained.
A very important distinction is to be found in the conformation of the trunk, which , as shown in fig. Then he got into the buggy again and took the reins, and the horse at once backed away from the tree, turned slowly around, and began to trot down the sandy road which was just visible in the dim light.
The children were inclined to be frightened by the sight of the small animal, which reminded them of the bears; but Dorothy reassured them by explaining that Eureka was a pet and could do no harm even if she wished to. The main point, however, was that they flew, and flew swiftly, if a bit unevenly, toward the rock for which they had headed. But there is any quantity of oatmeal, which we often cook for breakfast.
At Lexington, not far from Concord, there was a sharp fight in which several men were killed. The mother sat down in the shade of a tree and began to read in a new book which she had bought the day before. There was another famous artist whose name was Parrhasius. When he heard of the boast which Zeuxis had made, he said to himself, "I will see what I can do.
Most people haven't even tried because we cannot reasonably imagine a way by which we can be rid of them.
My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. The town was being bombarded by a hundred and thirty guns which Napoleon had ordered up after four o'clock. The roar of guns, the whistling of projectiles, and the piteous moaning of the cook, which rose above the other sounds, did not cease for a moment.
She is naked except for an old tee shirt of mine which , out of my benevolence I allowed her to wear. Kidnapping, involuntary resurrection—these were not the foundations on which trust was built! It was hunched over a book large enough to cover half the black stone desk at which it sat.
He promised to return in an hour and ferry the group back to Bird Song, which was less than a mile away. Andre didn't deny she was lying to him, which left Gabriel even less certain what to do about his mate. Turning on the water, she filled their water trough before heading out for the longhorn shed, which was the closest to the trees.
That was his 'final answer' look which dictated there should be no more discussion. Which would be soon. CK 1 Which theater is that? CK 1 Which way should I go? CK 1 I don't know which one. CK 1 Tell me which you want. CK 1 Which do you recommend? CK 1 Which one did you pick?
CK 1 Which one should I get? CK 1 Which one should I use? Spamster 1 Which way is the beach? CK 1 Which would Tom choose? CK 1 Which would you choose? CK 1 Which one's the new one? The authorities for the Crusades have been collected in Bongars, Gesta Dei per Francos Hanover, incomplete ; Michaud, Bibliotheque des croisades Paris, containing translations of select passages in the authorities ; the Recueil des historiens des croisades, published by the Academie des Inscriptions Paris, onwards the best general collection, containing many of the Latin, Greek, Arabic and Armenian authorities, and also the text of the assizes; but sometimes poorly edited and still.
In Palestine a limestone containing Carboniferous fossils is found in the midst of the sandstone series, and here the sandstone is immediately succeeded by limestones with Hippurites and other fossils belonging to the Upper Cretaceous.
This knowledge, joined to what he had gathered by historical reading of equally unusual extent, he carefully digested and gave to the world in his Biographisch-literarisches Handworterbuch zur Geschichte der exacten Wissenschaften, containing notices of the lives and labours of mathematicians, astronomers, physicists, and chemists, of all peoples and all ages.
The significance of two or more in Drepanophorus very numerous small sacs containing so-called " reserve " stylets resembling in shape that of the central dart is insufficiently known. Organs of hearing in the form of capsules containing otoliths have only been very rarely observed, apparently only in Metanemertini. Two layers are specially obvious in its walls - the inner layer bordering the lumen being composed of smaller ciliated cells, the outer thicker one containing numerous granular cells and having a more glandular character.
Soap when dissolved in a large amount of water suffers hydrolysis, with formation of a precipitate of acid salt and a solution containing free alkali. The contents of the pan are once more allowed to cool and settle, and the soap as now formed constitutes a pure curd coap, carrying with it some proportion of uncombined alkali, but containing the minimum amount of water. Soap containing small proportions of glycerin, on the other hand, forms a very tenacious lather, and when soap bubbles of an enduring character are desired glycerin is added to the solution.
The conception of man, the microcosm, containing in himself all the parts of the universe or macrocosm, is also Babylonian, as again probably is the famous identification of the metals with the planets. Of the first group the most interesting and possibly the oldest is the Book of Crates; it is remarkable for containing some of the signs used for the metals by the Greek alchemists, and for giving figures of four pieces of apparatus which closely resemble those depicted in Greek MSS.
The city has a Memorial Hall, erected in honour of the soldiers and sailors of Winnebago county, and in charge of the Grand Army of the Republic; a soldiers' memorial fountain; a Carnegie library, containing 51, volumes in ; and the Velie Museum of natural history. Other works by him were Reponse au livre de P. Nouet sur l'eucharistie ; CEuvres posthumes Amsterdam, , containing the Traite de la composition d'un sermon, translated into English in Later religious practice was undoubtedly opposed to that of earlier times, and attempts were made to correct narratives containing views which had come to be regarded as contrary to the true worship of Yahweh.
It may be more conveniently prepared by passing the vapour of sulphur over red hot charcoal, the unccndensed gases so produced being led into a tower containing plates over which a vegetable oil is allowed to flow in order to absorb any carbon bisulphide vapour, and then into a second tower containing lime, which absorbs any sulphuretted hydrogen. Instead of the six ideal equations just described we have to combine a number of equations of various forms containing other quantities than the elements.
In this neighbourhood were found a great number of tombs containing vases of all periods, which furnish a marvellous record of the development of Attic ceramic art. Farther inland in the level districts and river bottoms it varies from a sandy to a clay loam containing much alluvium.
Neritina has a very small spire, the terminal portion of the shell containing nearly the whole animal. The 15th-century font, the pulpit , the organ , and the early Gothic Lady chapel containing a much venerated 13th-century image of the Virgin, which was annually carried in procession through the town, are all noticeable.
The city has a public library containing , volumes and an historical museum. In Paulus Hook, containing acres and having about 15 inhabitants, passed into the possession of three enterprising New York lawyers, who laid it out as a town and formed an association for its government, which was incorporated as the "associates of the Jersey company.
The later emperors had a separate aerarium privatum, containing the moneys allotted for their own use, distinct from the fiscus, which they administered in the interests of the empire. It has a special interest in being the chief university of the Moslem world, containing some thousands of students mujawirin , for whom certain parts of the mosque riwaq are screened off, according to the country from which they come.
To the south of the Nerbudda the Satpura range stretches across the province, containing the greater part of five districts, its crystalline and sandstone rocks rising in places through the superficial stratum of trap, and with large areas of shallow stony land still covered to a great extent with forest interspersed by black-soil valleys of great fertility.
In a new departure was made in issuing Annual Reports, containing resumes of the most important researches of the year. The affixes -ous and sub- refer to the compounds containing more of the positive element, -ic and per- to those containing less. According to this theory a " chemical type " embraced compounds containing the same number of equivalents combined in a like manner and exhibiting similar properties; thus acetic and trichloracetic acids, aldehyde and chloral, marsh gas and chloroform are pairs of compounds referable to the same type.
He also postulated, with Regnault, the existence of " molecular or mechanical types " containing substances which, although having the same number of equivalents, are essentially different in characters. There also exists an extensive class of compounds termed the " heterocyclic series " - these compounds are derived from ring systems containing atoms other than carbon; this class is more generally allied to the aromatic series than to the aliphatic.
Let us now consider hydrocarbons containing 2 atoms of carbon. It will be noticed that compounds containing two double linkages will have the same general formula as the acetylene series; such compounds are known as the " diolefines. Hydrocarbons containing any number of double or triple linkages, as well as both double and triple linkages, are possible, and a considerable number of such compounds have been prepared.
Compounds containing the group - CH: O are known as aldehydes q. By replacing the hydroxyl group by a halogen, acid-haloids result; by the elimination of the elements of water between two molecules, acid-anhydrides, which may be oxidized to acid-peroxides; by replacing the hydroxyl group by the group. SH, thio-acids; by replacing it by the amino group, acid-amides q.
Similar considerations will apply to rings containing other elements besides carbon. The trimolecular polymerization of numerous acetylene compounds-substances containing two trebly linked carbon atoms, -C: C -, to form derivatives of benzene is of considerable interest.
Zincke; and his researches have led to the discovery of many chlorinated oxidation products which admit of decomposition into cyclic compounds containing fewer carbon atoms than characterize the benzene ring, and in turn yielding openchain or aliphatic compounds. From the fact that reduction products containing either one or two double linkages behave exactly as unsaturated aliphatic compounds, being readily reduced or oxidized, and combining with the halogen elements and haloid acids, it seems probable that in benzenoid compounds the fourth valencies are symmetrically distributed in such a manner as to induce a peculiar stability in the molecule.
The proof of this statement rests on the fact that if the hydrogen atoms were not co-planar, then substitution derivatives the substituting groups not containing asymmetric carbon atoms should exist in enantiomorphic forms, differing in crystal form and in their action on polarized light; such optical antipodes have, however, not yet been separated.
Fiveand six-membered rings are the most stable and important, the last-named group resulting from the polymerization of many substances; threeand four-membered rings are formed with difficulty, and are easily ruptured; rings containing seven or more members are generally unstable, and are relatively little known.
Most of the simple ring systems which contain two adjacent carbon atoms may suffer fusion with any other ring also containing two adjacent carbon atoms with the production of nuclei of greater complexity. The three primary members are furfurane, thiophene and pyrrol, each of which contains four methine or CH groups, and an oxygen, sulphur and imido NH member respectively; a series of compounds containing selenium is also known.
Six-membered ring systems can be referred back, in a manner similar to the above, to pyrone, penthiophene and pyridine, the substances containing a ring of five carbon atoms, and an oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen atom respectively. The skeletons of these types are the carbon atoms are omitted for brevity : We have previously referred to the condensation of heterocyclic ring systems containing two vicinal carbon atoms with benzene, naphthalene and other nuclei. Moisture is evolved from substances containing water of crystallization or decomposed hydrates.
Sulphuretted hydrogen, recognized by its odour, results from Sulphides containing water, and hydrosulphides. Ammonia, recognizable by its odour and alkaline reaction, indicates ammoniacal salts or cyanides containing water. These reactions are practised in the following manner: A thread of asbestos is moistened and then dipped in the substance to be tested; it is then placed in the luminous point of the Bunsen flame, and a small porcelain basin containing cold water placed immediately over the asbestos.
The general procedure is to make a series of standard solutions containing definite quantities of the substance which it is desired to estimate; such a series will exhibit tints which deepen as the quantity of the substance is increased.
A known weight of the test substance is dissolved and a portion of the solution is placed in a tube similar to those containing the standard solutions. The space a must allow for the inclusion of a copper spiral if the substance contains nitrogen, and a silver spiral if halogens be present, for otherwise nitrogen oxides and the halogens may be condensed in the absorption apparatus; b contains copper oxide; c is a space for the insertion of a porcelain or platinum boat containing a weighed quantity of the substance; d is a copper spiral.
The other end is connected with the absorption vessels, which consist of a tube e containing calcium chloride, and a set of bulbs f containing potash solution. After having previously roasted the tube and copper oxide, and reduced the copper spiral a, the weighed calcium chloride tube and potash bulbs are put in position, the boat containing the substance is inserted in the case of a difficultly combustible substance it is desirable to mix it with cupric oxide or lead chromate , the copper spiral d replaced, and the air and oxygen supply connected up.
The apparatus is then tested for leaks. The oxidation, which is effected by chromic acid and sulphuric acid, is conducted in a flask provided with a funnel and escape tube, and the carbon dioxide formed is swept by a current of dry air, previously freed from carbon dioxide, through a drying tube to a set of potash bulbs and a tube containing soda-lime; if halogens are present, a small wash bottle containing potassium iodide, and a U tube containing glass wool moistened with silver nitrate on one side and strong sulphuric acid on the other, must be inserted between the flask and the drying tube.
Dennstedt, which was first proposed in , the substance is vaporized in a tube containing at one end platinum foil, platinized quartz, or platinized asbestos. It contains four independent constants; two of these may be calculated from the heats of combustion of saturated hydrocarbons, and the other two from the combustion of hydrocarbons containing double and triple linkages. It is remarkable that the difference in the heats of formation of ketones and the paraffin containing one carbon atom less is This diminution implies an association of molecules, the surface containing fewer molecules than it is supposed to.
Attached to the bulb was a glass rod and then a tube containing iron wire. This tube was placed in an outer tube containing the liquid to be experimented with; the liquid is raised to its boiling-point, and then hermetically sealed. The whole is enclosed in a jacket connected with a boiler containing a liquid, the vapour of which serves to keep the inner tube at any desired temperature.
Formerly, when floods resulted from this obstruction, the townsfolk of Helston acquired the right of clearing a passage through it by presenting leathern purses containing three halfpence to the lord of the manor. The addition of a little of the acid to glue renders it more tenacious; skins to be used for making leather do not undergo decomposition if steeped in a dilute solution; butter containing a small quantity of it may be kept sweet for months even in the hottest weather.
The British Pharmacopeia contains only one preparation, an ointment containing one part of acid to 49 of white paraffin ointment.
Each carpel becomes divided by a median constriction in four portions, each containing one ovule; the style springs from the centre of the group of four divisions. The succession of beds in descending order is as follows: - 1 Shingle consisting of pebbles of limestone, slate and other local rocks, with fragments of stalagmite and containing a few bones and worked flints.
The most important of the antiquarian remains are the ruins of the famous castle situated on a rocky height, originally covering with its precincts an area of over 8 acres, and containing in all eight round towers. The last is perhaps the work which was condemned by the Lateran council in as containing an erroneous xv.
The earliest literary papyrus is that known, from the name of its former owner, as the Prisse papyrus, and now preserved at Paris, containing a work composed in the reign of a king of the fifth dynasty, and computed to be itself of the age of upwards of years B,C. The papyri discovered in Egypt have often been found in tombs, and in the hands, or swathed with the bodies, of mummies. In the neighbourhood are the cave of Drach, containing several underground lakes, and the caves of Arta, one of the largest and finest groups of stalactite caverns in western Europe.
At Geneva are three large collections - Augustin Pyrame de Candolle's, containing the typical specimens of the Prodromus, a large series of monographs of the families of flowering plants, Benjamin Delessert's fine series at the Botanic Garden, and the Boissier Herbarium, which is rich in Mediterranean and Oriental plants. Thus prepared, the specimens are placed on shelves or movable trays, at intervals of about 6 in.
When the leaves are finely divided, as in Conium, much trouble will be experienced in lifting a half-dried specimen from one paper to another; but the plant may be placed in a sheet of thin blotting paper, and the sheet containing the plant, instead of the plant itself, can then be moved.
In mounting, the specimen is floated out in a flat white dish containing sea-water, so that foreign matter may be detected, and a piece of paper of suitable size is placed under it, supported either by the fingers of the left hand or by a palette.
For attaching it to the paper a strong mucilage of gum tragacanth, containing an eighth of its weight of spirit of wine, answers best. There is a small shrine at the spot, containing a bas-relief representing the birth of the Buddha.
The granular tufa is useless for either purpose, containing too much earth to be employed in making mortar, and being far too soft to be used as stone for building. Rosenbuschite, hiortdahlite, and some other rare members containing zirconium and fluorine, occur as accessory constituents in the nephelinesyenite of southern Norway.
The hotel de ville, a building of the 17th century, containing a museum and library, an older hotel de Tulle of the 13th century, and several medieval and Renaissance houses, are of interest. According to this everything, even above being and thinking, is called En Soph a7retpos ; He is the space of the universe containing TO 7rav, but the universe is not his space.
The residual gas is then passed through a tube containing porous materials, such as woodor bone-charcoal, platinized pumice or spongy platinum, then mixed with steam and again forced through the tube. P For sulphonic acids containing nitrogen see Ammonia.
But the most important island, as containing the capital, Nassau, is New Providence, which is only 1 9 1 m. The original city of Bagdad was built on the western bank of the Tigris, but this is now, and has been for centuries, little more than a suburb of the larger and more important city on the eastern shore, the former containing an area of only acres within the walls, while the latter extends over acres.
From the records of that period it seems that the present city is identical in the position of its walls and the space occupied by the town proper with Bagdad at the close of the 12th century, the period when this rapid decline had already advanced so far that the western city is described by travellers as almost in ruins, and the eastern half as containing large uninhabited spaces.
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